Maintaining Vitamin D Balance to Mitigates COVID-19 Infection and Boosting Immune System

Abstract

The COVID-19 outbreak can be termed as a biological disaster, which has taken many lives all over the globe. Almost the entire global population has been affected by the virus, and the impact ranged from mild to severe. Still, there is no such targeted medication to prevent its severity. Some protective factors help to suppress the virus intensity, but the exact mechanism is unknown. Hence, to reduce the severity of the infection, preventive health measures is required as early as possible. Vitamin D plays an immunomodulatory role and helps to increase the innate and adaptive immune function and secretion of antiviral peptides. The serum’s insufficient vitamin D level is directly linked with acute respiratory tract infections (RTI), including epidemic influenza. Randomized clinical trials showed that vitamin D supplementation against the fast-spreading of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients reduced the risk compared with those at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency during this global pandemic. Thus clinicians stated that patients those have insufficient vitamin D level in blood during this global pandemic, have recommended vitamin D supplement to maintain the circulating 25-hydroxycholecalciferol [25(OH)D] in the optimal levels (75–125 nmol/L). With this view this review elaborately discussed the probable preventive roles of vitamin D in reducing the risk of COVID-19.