Recent Developments in Treatment strategies for Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Abstract

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive and heterogeneous subtype of breast cancer, characterized by the lack of estrogen, progesterone, and HER2 receptors, accounting for 15% of all breast cancer cases, with a higher prevalence in premenopausal African and African American women. Despite advances in treatment options, TNBC remains a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis, high recurrence rate, and limited targeted therapies. This review highlights the current understanding of TNBC’s molecular landscape, clinical features, and treatment strategies, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and emerging targeted agents. However, further research is needed to unravel the complexities of TNBC and develop effective personalized treatment approaches to improve patient outcomes. The lack of effective targeted therapies and high recurrence rates emphasize the need for continued research into the molecular mechanisms driving TNBC, as well as the development of novel therapeutic strategies. By advancing our understanding of TNBC’s biology and identifying new targets for therapy, we can hope to improve treatment options and outcomes for patients with this devastating disease. Ultimately, a multidisciplinary approach, combining basic science, clinical research, and patient care, is necessary to make meaningful progress against TNBC and improve the lives of those affected by this disease.