Shilajit: A Comprehensive Review from Ancient Origins to Health Insights

Abstract

Shilajit, a complex herbo-mineral extract, has played a vital role in traditional medicine, particularlyin Ayurveda, for centuries. This sticky, tar-like substance, predominantly found in the Himalayan region, is composed of a rich mixture of humic substances, essential minerals, and various bioactive compounds. Traditionally, it has been used to treat a wide range of health conditions, including genitourinary issues, diabetes, respiratory ailments, and cognitive disorders. Recent preclinical studies have highlighted the potential benefits of Shilajit in enhancing the energy metabolism and androgenic health. Shilajit has shown promise in improving sperm quality, increasing testosterone levels, and mitigating chronic fatigue, through its antioxidant and adaptogenic properties. These results are further supported by clinical research, which shows that Shilajit supplements significantly improve testosterone levels and male infertility parameters. Safety assessments revealed a generally favorable profile, with no severe adverse effects reported in acute and chronic toxicity studies. This review draws on an extensive range of literature sources, including Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, and Science Direct, to provide a detailed synthesis of the therapeutic potential and safety of Shilajit. Despite its extensive use in traditional practice, there is a need for more rigorous research to fully understand the mechanisms of action of Shilajitand validate its efficacy in modern medicine. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of continued research to bridge traditional knowledge with contemporary scientific validation, potentially integrating Shilajit into mainstream healthcare practices.